path: root/src/peer.c

/*
  Copyright (c) 2012-2014, Matthias Schiffer <mschiffer@universe-factory.net>
  All rights reserved.

  Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

    1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,
       this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
    2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,
       this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation
       and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

  THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
  AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
  DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR
  SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER
  CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
  OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
  OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/

/**
   \file peer.c

   Implementations of functions for peer management
*/

#include "peer.h"
#include "peer_hashtable.h"
#include "poll.h"

#include <arpa/inet.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>


/** Adds peer-specific fields to \e env */
void fastd_peer_set_shell_env(fastd_shell_env_t *env, const fastd_peer_t *peer, const fastd_peer_address_t *local_addr, const fastd_peer_address_t *peer_addr) {
	/* both INET6_ADDRSTRLEN and IFNAMESIZE already include space for the zero termination, so there is no need to add space for the '%' here. */
	char buf[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN+IF_NAMESIZE];

	fastd_shell_env_set(env, "PEER_NAME", (peer && peer->config) ? peer->config->name : NULL);

	switch(local_addr ? local_addr->sa.sa_family : AF_UNSPEC) {
	case AF_INET:
		inet_ntop(AF_INET, &local_addr->in.sin_addr, buf, sizeof(buf));
		fastd_shell_env_set(env, "LOCAL_ADDRESS", buf);

		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", ntohs(local_addr->in.sin_port));
		fastd_shell_env_set(env, "LOCAL_PORT", buf);

		break;

	case AF_INET6:
		inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &local_addr->in6.sin6_addr, buf, sizeof(buf));

		if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&local_addr->in6.sin6_addr)) {
			if (if_indextoname(local_addr->in6.sin6_scope_id, buf+strlen(buf)+1))
				buf[strlen(buf)] = '%';
		}

		fastd_shell_env_set(env, "LOCAL_ADDRESS", buf);

		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", ntohs(local_addr->in6.sin6_port));
		fastd_shell_env_set(env, "LOCAL_PORT", buf);

		break;

	default:
		fastd_shell_env_set(env, "LOCAL_ADDRESS", NULL);
		fastd_shell_env_set(env, "LOCAL_PORT", NULL);
	}

	switch(peer_addr ? peer_addr->sa.sa_family : AF_UNSPEC) {
	case AF_INET:
		inet_ntop(AF_INET, &peer_addr->in.sin_addr, buf, sizeof(buf));
		fastd_shell_env_set(env, "PEER_ADDRESS", buf);

		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", ntohs(peer_addr->in.sin_port));
		fastd_shell_env_set(env, "PEER_PORT", buf);

		break;

	case AF_INET6:
		inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &peer_addr->in6.sin6_addr, buf, sizeof(buf));

		if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&peer_addr->in6.sin6_addr)) {
			if (if_indextoname(peer_addr->in6.sin6_scope_id, buf+strlen(buf)+1))
				buf[strlen(buf)] = '%';
		}

		fastd_shell_env_set(env, "PEER_ADDRESS", buf);

		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u", ntohs(peer_addr->in6.sin6_port));
		fastd_shell_env_set(env, "PEER_PORT", buf);

		break;

	default:
		fastd_shell_env_set(env, "PEER_ADDRESS", NULL);
		fastd_shell_env_set(env, "PEER_PORT", NULL);
	}

	conf.protocol->set_shell_env(env, peer);
}

/** Executes a shell command, providing peer-specific enviroment fields */
void fastd_peer_exec_shell_command(const fastd_shell_command_t *command, const fastd_peer_t *peer, const fastd_peer_address_t *local_addr, const fastd_peer_address_t *peer_addr) {
	fastd_shell_env_t *env = fastd_shell_env_alloc();
	fastd_peer_set_shell_env(env, peer, local_addr, peer_addr);
	fastd_shell_command_exec(command, env);
	fastd_shell_env_free(env);
}

/** Executes the on-establish command for a peer */
static inline void on_establish(const fastd_peer_t *peer) {
	fastd_peer_exec_shell_command(&conf.on_establish, peer, &peer->local_address, &peer->address);
}

/** Executes the on-disestablish command for a peer */
static inline void on_disestablish(const fastd_peer_t *peer) {
	fastd_peer_exec_shell_command(&conf.on_disestablish, peer, &peer->local_address, &peer->address);
}

/** Compares two peers by their peer ID */
static int peer_id_cmp(fastd_peer_t *const *a, fastd_peer_t *const *b) {
	if ((*a)->id == (*b)->id)
		return 0;
	else if ((*a)->id < (*b)->id)
		return -1;
	else
		return 1;
}

/** Finds the entry for a peer with a specified ID in the array \e ctx.peers */
static fastd_peer_t** peer_p_find_by_id(uint64_t id) {
	fastd_peer_t key = {.id = id};
	fastd_peer_t *const keyp = &key;

	return VECTOR_BSEARCH(&keyp, ctx.peers, peer_id_cmp);
}

/** Finds the index of a peer with a specified ID in the array \e ctx.peers */
static size_t peer_index_find_by_id(uint64_t id) {
	fastd_peer_t **ret = peer_p_find_by_id(id);

	if (!ret)
		exit_bug("peer_index_find_by_id: not found");

	return ret - VECTOR_DATA(ctx.peers);

}

/** Finds the index of a peer in the array \e ctx.peers */
static inline size_t peer_index(fastd_peer_t *peer) {
	return peer_index_find_by_id(peer->id);
}

/** Finds a peer with a specified ID */
fastd_peer_t* fastd_peer_find_by_id(uint64_t id) {
	fastd_peer_t **ret = peer_p_find_by_id(id);

	if (ret)
		return *ret;
	else
		return NULL;

}

/** Closes and frees the dynamic socket of the peer with a specified ID */
static void free_socket_by_id(size_t i) {
	fastd_peer_t *peer = VECTOR_INDEX(ctx.peers, i);

	if (!peer->sock)
		return;

	if (fastd_peer_is_socket_dynamic(peer)) {
		if (peer->sock->peer != peer)
			exit_bug("dynamic peer socket mismatch");

		fastd_socket_close(peer->sock);
		free(peer->sock);

		peer->sock = NULL;
		fastd_poll_set_fd_peer(i);
	}
	else {
		peer->sock = NULL;
	}
}

/** Closes and frees a peer's dynamic socket */
static inline void free_socket(fastd_peer_t *peer) {
	free_socket_by_id(peer_index(peer));
}

/** Checks if a peer group has any contraints which might cause connection attempts to be rejected */
static inline bool has_group_config_constraints(const fastd_peer_group_t *group) {
	for (; group; group = group->parent) {
		if (group->max_connections >= 0)
			return true;
	}

	return false;
}

/**
   Resets a peer's socket

   If the peer's old socket is dynamic, it is closed. Then either a new dynamic socket is opened
   or a default socket is used.
*/
void fastd_peer_reset_socket(fastd_peer_t *peer) {
	size_t i = peer_index(peer);

	if (peer->address.sa.sa_family == AF_UNSPEC) {
		free_socket_by_id(i);
		return;
	}

	if (!fastd_peer_is_socket_dynamic(peer))
		return;

	pr_debug("resetting socket for peer %P", peer);

	free_socket_by_id(i);

	switch (peer->address.sa.sa_family) {
	case AF_INET:
		if (ctx.sock_default_v4)
			peer->sock = ctx.sock_default_v4;
		else
			peer->sock = fastd_socket_open(peer, AF_INET);
		break;

	case AF_INET6:
		if (ctx.sock_default_v6)
			peer->sock = ctx.sock_default_v6;
		else
			peer->sock = fastd_socket_open(peer, AF_INET6);
	}

	if (!peer->sock || !fastd_peer_is_socket_dynamic(peer))
		return;

	fastd_poll_set_fd_peer(i);
}

/**
   Schedules a handshake after the given delay

   @param peer	the peer
   @param delay	the delay in milliseconds
*/
void fastd_peer_schedule_handshake(fastd_peer_t *peer, int delay) {
	fastd_peer_unschedule_handshake(peer);

	peer->next_handshake = ctx.now;

	peer->next_handshake.tv_sec += delay/1000;
	peer->next_handshake.tv_nsec += (delay%1000)*1e6;

	if (peer->next_handshake.tv_nsec > 1e9) {
		peer->next_handshake.tv_sec++;
		peer->next_handshake.tv_nsec -= 1e9;
	}

	fastd_dlist_head_t *list;
	for (list = &ctx.handshake_queue; list->next; list = list->next) {
		fastd_peer_t *entry = container_of(list->next, fastd_peer_t, handshake_entry);

		if (timespec_after(&entry->next_handshake, &peer->next_handshake))
			break;
	}

	fastd_dlist_insert(list, &peer->handshake_entry);
}

/** Checks if the peer group \e group1 lies in \e group2 */
static inline bool is_group_in(const fastd_peer_group_t *group1, const fastd_peer_group_t *group2) {
	while (group1) {
		if (group1 == group2)
			return true;

		group1 = group1->parent;
	}

	return false;
}

/** Checks if a peer lies in a peer group */
static bool is_peer_in_group(const fastd_peer_t *peer, const fastd_peer_group_t *group) {
	return is_group_in(fastd_peer_get_group(peer), group);
}

/**
   Resets a peer (internal function)

   Disestablished the current connection with the peer (if any) and drops any scheduled handshake.

   After a call to reset_peer a peer must be deleted by delete_peer or re-initialized by setup_peer.
*/
static void reset_peer(fastd_peer_t *peer) {
	if (fastd_peer_is_established(peer))
		on_disestablish(peer);

	free_socket(peer);

	memset(&peer->local_address, 0, sizeof(peer->local_address));

	conf.protocol->reset_peer_state(peer);

	size_t i, deleted = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < VECTOR_LEN(ctx.eth_addrs); i++) {
		if (VECTOR_INDEX(ctx.eth_addrs, i).peer == peer) {
			deleted++;
		}
		else if (deleted) {
			VECTOR_INDEX(ctx.eth_addrs, i-deleted) = VECTOR_INDEX(ctx.eth_addrs, i);
		}
	}

	VECTOR_RESIZE(ctx.eth_addrs, VECTOR_LEN(ctx.eth_addrs)-deleted);

	fastd_peer_unschedule_handshake(peer);
}

/**
   Starts the first handshake with a newly setup peer

   If a peer group has a peer limit the handshakes will be delayed between 0 and 3 seconds
   make the choice of peers random (it will be biased by the latency, which might or might not be
   what a user wants)
*/
static void init_handshake(fastd_peer_t *peer) {
	unsigned delay = 0;
	if (has_group_config_constraints(fastd_peer_get_group(peer)))
		delay = fastd_rand(0, 3000);

	if (!fastd_peer_is_established(peer))
		peer->state = STATE_HANDSHAKE;

	fastd_peer_schedule_handshake(peer, delay);
}

/** Handles an asynchronous DNS resolve response */
void fastd_peer_handle_resolve(fastd_peer_t *peer, fastd_remote_t *remote, size_t n_addresses, const fastd_peer_address_t *addresses) {
	free(remote->addresses);
	remote->addresses = malloc(n_addresses*sizeof(fastd_peer_address_t));
	memcpy(remote->addresses, addresses, n_addresses*sizeof(fastd_peer_address_t));

	remote->n_addresses = n_addresses;
	remote->current_address = 0;

	if (peer->state == STATE_RESOLVING)
		init_handshake(peer);
}

/** Initializes a peer */
static void setup_peer(fastd_peer_t *peer) {
	peer->address.sa.sa_family = AF_UNSPEC;
	peer->local_address.sa.sa_family = AF_UNSPEC;

	peer->state = STATE_INIT;

	if (VECTOR_LEN(peer->remotes) == 0) {
		peer->next_remote = -1;
	}
	else {
		size_t i;
		for (i = 0; i < VECTOR_LEN(peer->remotes); i++)
			VECTOR_INDEX(peer->remotes, i).last_resolve_timeout = ctx.now;

		peer->next_remote = 0;
	}

	peer->last_handshake_timeout = ctx.now;
	peer->last_handshake_address.sa.sa_family = AF_UNSPEC;

	peer->last_handshake_response_timeout = ctx.now;
	peer->last_handshake_response_address.sa.sa_family = AF_UNSPEC;

	peer->establish_handshake_timeout = ctx.now;

	if (!peer->protocol_state)
		conf.protocol->init_peer_state(peer);

	fastd_remote_t *next_remote = fastd_peer_get_next_remote(peer);
	if (next_remote) {
		next_remote->current_address = 0;

		if (fastd_remote_is_dynamic(next_remote)) {
			peer->state = STATE_RESOLVING;
			fastd_resolve_peer(peer, next_remote);
		}
		else  {
			init_handshake(peer);
		}
	}
}

/** Frees a peer */
static void delete_peer(fastd_peer_t *peer) {
	pr_debug("deleting peer %P", peer);

	size_t i = peer_index(peer);
	VECTOR_DELETE(ctx.peers, i);
	fastd_poll_delete_peer(i);

	fastd_peer_hashtable_remove(peer);

	conf.protocol->free_peer_state(peer);

	if (!peer->config)
		free(peer->protocol_config);

	for (i = 0; i < VECTOR_LEN(peer->remotes); i++)
		free(VECTOR_INDEX(peer->remotes, i).addresses);

	VECTOR_FREE(peer->remotes);

	free(peer);
}


/** Allocates a new peer config */
fastd_peer_config_t* fastd_peer_config_new(void) {
	fastd_peer_config_t *peer = calloc(1, sizeof(fastd_peer_config_t));

	peer->group = conf.peer_group;

	peer->next = conf.peers;
	conf.peers = peer;

	return peer;
}

/** Frees a peer config (which must not be referenced anywhere) */
void fastd_peer_config_free(fastd_peer_config_t *peer) {
	while (peer->remotes) {
		fastd_remote_config_t *remote = peer->remotes;
		peer->remotes = remote->next;

		free(remote->hostname);
		free(remote);
	}

	free(peer->name);
	free(peer->key);
	free(peer->protocol_config);
	free(peer);
}

/** Deletes the peer config created last */
void fastd_peer_config_delete(void) {
	fastd_peer_config_t *peer = conf.peers, *next = peer->next;
	fastd_peer_config_free(peer);
	conf.peers = next;
}

/** Deletes a peer config, and removes the peer assiciated with the peer config */
void fastd_peer_config_purge(fastd_peer_config_t *config) {
	size_t i;
	for (i = 0; i < VECTOR_LEN(ctx.peers); i++) {
		fastd_peer_t *peer = VECTOR_INDEX(ctx.peers, i);

		if (peer->config == config) {
			fastd_peer_delete(peer);
			break;
		}
	}

	fastd_peer_config_free(config);
}

/** Checks if two fastd_peer_address_t are equal */
bool fastd_peer_address_equal(const fastd_peer_address_t *addr1, const fastd_peer_address_t *addr2) {
	if (addr1->sa.sa_family != addr2->sa.sa_family)
		return false;

	switch (addr1->sa.sa_family) {
	case AF_UNSPEC:
		break;

	case AF_INET:
		if (addr1->in.sin_addr.s_addr != addr2->in.sin_addr.s_addr)
			return false;
		if (addr1->in.sin_port != addr2->in.sin_port)
			return false;
		break;

	case AF_INET6:
		if (!IN6_ARE_ADDR_EQUAL(&addr1->in6.sin6_addr, &addr2->in6.sin6_addr))
			return false;
		if (addr1->in6.sin6_port != addr2->in6.sin6_port)
			return false;
		if (IN6_IS_ADDR_LINKLOCAL(&addr1->in6.sin6_addr)) {
			if (addr1->in6.sin6_scope_id != addr2->in6.sin6_scope_id)
				return false;
		}
	}

	return true;
}

/** If \e addr is a v4-mapped IPv6 address, it is converted to an IPv4 address */
void fastd_peer_address_simplify(fastd_peer_address_t *addr) {
	if (addr->sa.sa_family == AF_INET6 && IN6_IS_ADDR_V4MAPPED(&addr->in6.sin6_addr)) {
		struct sockaddr_in6 mapped = addr->in6;

		memset(addr, 0, sizeof(fastd_peer_address_t));
		addr->in.sin_family = AF_INET;
		addr->in.sin_port = mapped.sin6_port;
		memcpy(&addr->in.sin_addr.s_addr, &mapped.sin6_addr.s6_addr[12], 4);
	}
}

/** If \e addr is an IPv4 address, it is converted to a v4-mapped IPv6 address */
void fastd_peer_address_widen(fastd_peer_address_t *addr) {
	if (addr->sa.sa_family == AF_INET) {
		struct sockaddr_in addr4 = addr->in;

		memset(addr, 0, sizeof(fastd_peer_address_t));
		addr->in6.sin6_family = AF_INET6;
		addr->in6.sin6_port = addr4.sin_port;
		addr->in6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[10] = 0xff;
		addr->in6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[11] = 0xff;
		memcpy(&addr->in6.sin6_addr.s6_addr[12], &addr4.sin_addr.s_addr, 4);
	}
}


/** Resets a peer's address to the unspecified address */
static inline void reset_peer_address(fastd_peer_t *peer) {
	if (fastd_peer_is_established(peer))
		fastd_peer_reset(peer);

	fastd_peer_hashtable_remove(peer);
	memset(&peer->address, 0, sizeof(fastd_peer_address_t));
}

/** Checks if an address is statically configured for a peer */
bool fastd_peer_owns_address(const fastd_peer_t *peer, const fastd_peer_address_t *addr) {
	if (fastd_peer_is_floating(peer))
		return false;

	fastd_remote_config_t *remote;
	for (remote = peer->config->remotes; remote; remote = remote->next) {
		if (remote->hostname)
			continue;

		if (fastd_peer_address_equal(&remote->address, addr))
			return true;
	}

	return false;
}

/** Checks if an address matches any of the configured or resolved remotes of a peer */
bool fastd_peer_matches_address(const fastd_peer_t *peer, const fastd_peer_address_t *addr) {
	if (fastd_peer_is_floating(peer))
		return true;

	size_t i, j;
	for (i = 0; i < VECTOR_LEN(peer->remotes); i++) {
		fastd_remote_t *remote = &VECTOR_INDEX(peer->remotes, i);

		for (j = 0; j < remote->n_addresses; j++) {
			if (fastd_peer_address_equal(&remote->addresses[j], addr))
				return true;
		}
	}

	return false;
}

/**
   Tries to claim an address for a peer

   Each remote address (+ port) can by used by only one peer at a time.

   If it is tried to claim an address that is currently used by another peer, the claim will fail unless
   \e force is set. The claim will fail even with \e force set if the other peer has statically configured the address
   in question.
 */
bool fastd_peer_claim_address(fastd_peer_t *new_peer, fastd_socket_t *sock, const fastd_peer_address_t *local_addr, const fastd_peer_address_t *remote_addr, bool force) {
	if (remote_addr->sa.sa_family == AF_UNSPEC) {
		if (fastd_peer_is_established(new_peer))
			fastd_peer_reset(new_peer);
	}
	else {
		size_t i;
		for (i = 0; i < VECTOR_LEN(ctx.peers); i++) {
			fastd_peer_t *peer = VECTOR_INDEX(ctx.peers, i);

			if (peer == new_peer)
				continue;

			if (fastd_peer_owns_address(peer, remote_addr)) {
				reset_peer_address(new_peer);
				return false;
			}

			if (fastd_peer_address_equal(&peer->address, remote_addr)) {
				if (!force && fastd_peer_is_established(peer)) {
					reset_peer_address(new_peer);
					return false;
				}

				reset_peer_address(peer);
				break;
			}
		}
	}

	fastd_peer_hashtable_remove(new_peer);

	new_peer->address = *remote_addr;

	if (remote_addr->sa.sa_family != AF_UNSPEC)
		fastd_peer_hashtable_insert(new_peer);

	if (sock && sock->addr && sock != new_peer->sock) {
		free_socket(new_peer);
		new_peer->sock = sock;
	}

	if (local_addr)
		new_peer->local_address = *local_addr;

	return true;
}

/** Checks if two remote configs are equivalent */
static bool remote_configs_equal(const fastd_remote_config_t *remote1, const fastd_remote_config_t *remote2) {
	if (!remote1 && !remote2)
		return true;

	if (!remote1 || !remote2)
		return false;

	if (!fastd_peer_address_equal(&remote1->address, &remote2->address))
		return false;

	if (!strequal(remote1->hostname, remote2->hostname))
		return false;

	return remote_configs_equal(remote1->next, remote2->next);
}

/** Checks if two peer configs are equivalent */
bool fastd_peer_config_equal(const fastd_peer_config_t *peer1, const fastd_peer_config_t *peer2) {
	if (peer1->group != peer2->group)
		return false;

	if(peer1->floating != peer2->floating)
		return false;

	if (!remote_configs_equal(peer1->remotes, peer2->remotes))
		return false;

	if (!strequal(peer1->key, peer2->key))
		return false;

	return true;
}

/** Resets and re-initializes a peer */
void fastd_peer_reset(fastd_peer_t *peer) {
	pr_debug("resetting peer %P", peer);

	reset_peer(peer);
	setup_peer(peer);
}

/** Deletes a peer */
void fastd_peer_delete(fastd_peer_t *peer) {
	reset_peer(peer);
	delete_peer(peer);
}

/** Counts how many peers in the given peer group have established a connection */
static inline size_t count_established_group_peers(const fastd_peer_group_t *group) {
	size_t i, ret = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < VECTOR_LEN(ctx.peers); i++) {
		fastd_peer_t *peer = VECTOR_INDEX(ctx.peers, i);

		if (fastd_peer_is_established(peer) && is_peer_in_group(peer, group))
			ret++;
	}

	return ret;
}

/** Checks if a peer may currently establish a connection */
bool fastd_peer_may_connect(fastd_peer_t *peer) {
	if (fastd_peer_is_established(peer))
		return true;

	const fastd_peer_group_t *group;

	for (group = fastd_peer_get_group(peer); group; group = group->parent) {
		if (group->max_connections < 0)
			continue;

		if (count_established_group_peers(group) >= (size_t)group->max_connections)
			return false;
	}

	return true;
}

/** Create a new peer */
fastd_peer_t* fastd_peer_add(fastd_peer_config_t *peer_conf) {
	fastd_peer_t *peer = calloc(1, sizeof(fastd_peer_t));

	peer->id = ctx.next_peer_id++;

	if (peer_conf) {
		peer->config = peer_conf;
		peer->protocol_config = peer_conf->protocol_config;

		VECTOR_ALLOC(peer->remotes, 0);

		fastd_remote_config_t *remote_config;
		for (remote_config = peer_conf->remotes; remote_config; remote_config = remote_config->next) {
			fastd_remote_t remote = {.config = remote_config};

			if (!remote_config->hostname) {
				remote.n_addresses = 1;
				remote.addresses = malloc(sizeof(fastd_peer_address_t));
				remote.addresses[0] = remote_config->address;
			}

			VECTOR_ADD(peer->remotes, remote);
		}

		pr_verbose("adding peer %P (group `%s')", peer, fastd_peer_get_group(peer)->name);
	}
	else {
#ifdef WITH_VERIFY
		if (!fastd_shell_command_isset(&conf.on_verify))
			exit_bug("tried to add temporary peer without on-verify command");

		peer->verify_timeout = ctx.now;
		peer->verify_valid_timeout = ctx.now;

		pr_debug("adding temporary peer");
#else
		exit_bug("temporary peers not supported");
#endif
	}

	setup_peer(peer);

	VECTOR_ADD(ctx.peers, peer);
	fastd_poll_add_peer();

	return peer;
}

/** Prints a debug message when no handshake could be sent because the current remote didn't resolve successfully */
static inline void no_valid_address_debug(const fastd_peer_t *peer) {
	pr_debug("not sending a handshake to %P (no valid address resolved)", peer);
}

/** Sends a new handshake to the current address of the given remote of a peer */
static void send_handshake(fastd_peer_t *peer, fastd_remote_t *next_remote) {
	if (!fastd_peer_is_established(peer)) {
		if (!next_remote->n_addresses) {
			no_valid_address_debug(peer);
			return;
		}

		fastd_peer_claim_address(peer, NULL, NULL, &next_remote->addresses[next_remote->current_address], false);
		fastd_peer_reset_socket(peer);
	}

	if (!peer->sock)
		return;

	if (peer->address.sa.sa_family == AF_UNSPEC) {
		no_valid_address_debug(peer);
		return;
	}

	if (!fastd_timed_out(&peer->last_handshake_timeout)
	    && fastd_peer_address_equal(&peer->address, &peer->last_handshake_address)) {
		pr_debug("not sending a handshake to %P as we sent one a short time ago", peer);
		return;
	}

	pr_debug("sending handshake to %P[%I]...", peer, &peer->address);
	peer->last_handshake_timeout = fastd_in_seconds(MIN_HANDSHAKE_INTERVAL);
	peer->last_handshake_address = peer->address;
	conf.protocol->handshake_init(peer->sock, &peer->local_address, &peer->address, peer);
}

/** Sends a handshake to one peer, if a scheduled handshake is due */
void fastd_peer_handle_handshake_queue(void) {
	if (!ctx.handshake_queue.next)
		return;

	fastd_peer_t *peer = container_of(ctx.handshake_queue.next, fastd_peer_t, handshake_entry);
	if (!fastd_timed_out(&peer->next_handshake))
		return;

	fastd_peer_schedule_handshake_default(peer);

	if (!fastd_peer_may_connect(peer)) {
		if (peer->next_remote != -1) {
			pr_debug("temporarily disabling handshakes with %P", peer);
			peer->next_remote = -1;
		}

		return;
	}

	fastd_remote_t *next_remote = fastd_peer_get_next_remote(peer);

	if (next_remote || fastd_peer_is_established(peer)) {
		send_handshake(peer, next_remote);

		if (fastd_peer_is_established(peer))
			return;

		if (++next_remote->current_address < next_remote->n_addresses)
			return;

		peer->next_remote++;
	}

	if (peer->next_remote < 0 || (size_t)peer->next_remote >= VECTOR_LEN(peer->remotes))
		peer->next_remote = 0;

	next_remote = fastd_peer_get_next_remote(peer);
	next_remote->current_address = 0;

	if (fastd_remote_is_dynamic(next_remote))
		fastd_resolve_peer(peer, next_remote);
}

/** Marks a peer as established */
void fastd_peer_set_established(fastd_peer_t *peer) {
	if (fastd_peer_is_established(peer))
		return;

	peer->state = STATE_ESTABLISHED;
	on_establish(peer);
	pr_info("connection with %P established.", peer);
}

/** Checks if an address would be a valid address which could be resolved for a given remote config */
bool fastd_remote_matches_dynamic(const fastd_remote_config_t *remote, const fastd_peer_address_t *addr) {
	if (!remote->hostname)
		return false;

	if (remote->address.sa.sa_family != AF_UNSPEC &&
	    remote->address.sa.sa_family != addr->sa.sa_family)
		return false;

	if (addr->sa.sa_family == AF_INET6) {
		if (remote->address.in.sin_port != addr->in6.sin6_port)
			return false;
	}
	else {
		if (remote->address.in.sin_port != addr->in.sin_port)
			return false;
	}

	return true;
}

/** Compares two MAC addresses */
static inline int eth_addr_cmp(const fastd_eth_addr_t *addr1, const fastd_eth_addr_t *addr2) {
	return memcmp(addr1->data, addr2->data, ETH_ALEN);
}

/** Compares two fastd_peer_eth_addr_t entries by their MAC addresses */
static int peer_eth_addr_cmp(const fastd_peer_eth_addr_t *addr1, const fastd_peer_eth_addr_t *addr2) {
	return eth_addr_cmp(&addr1->addr, &addr2->addr);
}

/** Adds a MAC address to the sorted list of addresses associated with a peer (or updates the timeout of an existing entry) */
void fastd_peer_eth_addr_add(fastd_peer_t *peer, fastd_eth_addr_t addr) {
	int min = 0, max = VECTOR_LEN(ctx.eth_addrs);

	if (!fastd_peer_is_established(peer))
		exit_bug("tried to learn ethernet address on non-established peer");

	while (max > min) {
		int cur = (min+max)/2;
		int cmp = eth_addr_cmp(&addr, &VECTOR_INDEX(ctx.eth_addrs, cur).addr);

		if (cmp == 0) {
			VECTOR_INDEX(ctx.eth_addrs, cur).peer = peer;
			VECTOR_INDEX(ctx.eth_addrs, cur).timeout = fastd_in_seconds(ETH_ADDR_STALE_TIME);
			return; /* We're done here. */
		}
		else if (cmp < 0) {
			max = cur;
		}
		else {
			min = cur+1;
		}
	}

	VECTOR_INSERT(ctx.eth_addrs, ((fastd_peer_eth_addr_t) {addr, peer, fastd_in_seconds(ETH_ADDR_STALE_TIME)}), min);

	pr_debug("learned new MAC address %E on peer %P", &addr, peer);
}

/** Finds the peer that is associated with a given MAC address */
fastd_peer_t* fastd_peer_find_by_eth_addr(const fastd_eth_addr_t addr) {
	const fastd_peer_eth_addr_t key = {.addr = addr};
	fastd_peer_eth_addr_t *peer_eth_addr = VECTOR_BSEARCH(&key, ctx.eth_addrs, peer_eth_addr_cmp);

	if (peer_eth_addr)
		return peer_eth_addr->peer;
	else
		return NULL;
}

/**
   Performs maintenance tasks for a peer

   \li If no data was received from the peer for some time, it is reset.
   \li If no data was sent to the peer for some time, a keepalive is sent.
 */
static bool maintain_peer(fastd_peer_t *peer) {
	if (fastd_peer_is_temporary(peer) || fastd_peer_is_established(peer)) {
		/* check for peer timeout */
		if (fastd_timed_out(&peer->timeout)) {
#ifdef WITH_VERIFY
			if (fastd_peer_is_temporary(peer) &&
			    fastd_timed_out(&peer->verify_timeout) &&
			    fastd_timed_out(&peer->verify_valid_timeout)) {
				fastd_peer_delete(peer);
				return false;
			}
#endif

			if (fastd_peer_is_established(peer))
				fastd_peer_reset(peer);
			return true;
		}

		/* check for keepalive timeout */
		if (!fastd_peer_is_established(peer))
			return true;

		if (!fastd_timed_out(&peer->keepalive_timeout))
			return true;

		pr_debug2("sending keepalive to %P", peer);
		conf.protocol->send(peer, fastd_buffer_alloc(0, conf.min_encrypt_head_space, conf.min_encrypt_tail_space));
	}

	return true;
}

/** Removes all time-outed MAC addresses from \e ctx.eth_addrs */
static void eth_addr_cleanup(void) {
	size_t i, deleted = 0;

	for (i = 0; i < VECTOR_LEN(ctx.eth_addrs); i++) {
		if (fastd_timed_out(&VECTOR_INDEX(ctx.eth_addrs, i).timeout)) {
			deleted++;
			pr_debug("MAC address %E not seen for more than %u seconds, removing",
				 &VECTOR_INDEX(ctx.eth_addrs, i).addr, ETH_ADDR_STALE_TIME);
		}
		else if (deleted) {
			VECTOR_INDEX(ctx.eth_addrs, i-deleted) = VECTOR_INDEX(ctx.eth_addrs, i);
		}
	}

	VECTOR_RESIZE(ctx.eth_addrs, VECTOR_LEN(ctx.eth_addrs)-deleted);
}

/** Performs periodic maintenance tasks for peers */
void fastd_peer_maintenance(void) {
	size_t i;
	for (i = 0; i < VECTOR_LEN(ctx.peers);) {
		fastd_peer_t *peer = VECTOR_INDEX(ctx.peers, i);

		if (maintain_peer(peer))
			i++;
	}

	eth_addr_cleanup();
}